Ukukhiqizwa Kwamajusi Ezithelo Nemifino
Ekukhiqizeni ijusi yezithelo nemifino, ubuchwepheshe be-microfiltration kanye ne-ultrafiltration busetshenziselwa ukucaciswa; I-nanofiltration ne-reverse osmosis technologies isetshenziselwa ukugxilisa ingqondo. Lapho ucacisa ijusi usebenzisa i-ultrafiltration, amabhaktheriya abanjwe yi-membrane kanye nezinsalela zokuhlunga, aqede isidingo sokushisa. Ukusebenzisa i-osmosis ehlehlayo ukuze kugxiliswe ujusi wezithelo nemifino kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwezingxenye zejusi, kunciphisa ivolumu ukuze kube lula ukuhamba, kususa izinto ezingathandeki, futhi kuthuthukisa ukunambitheka. Isibonelo, izingxenye ezinephunga elimnandi kumajusi wezithelo nemifino zicishe zilahleke ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhwamuka nokugxilisa ingqondo, futhi ukubanda{3}}ukoma kugcina cishe u-8%, kuyilapho i-osmosis ehlehlayo igcina u-30-60%.
Izicelo embonini yobisi
Ubuchwepheshe be-Reverse osmosis kanye ne-ultrafiltration busetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubuyisela amaprotheni e-whey kanye nokugxilisa ubisi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa ulwelwesi ukucubungula imikhiqizo yobisi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukusebenzisa i- reverse osmosis ukugxilisa ubisi oluxutshiwe kungakhiqiza ushizi kanye neyogathi enoshukela enekhwalithi egculisayo. Ukususa amanani e-penicillin esondweni lezinkomo kusetshenziswa i-osmosis ehlehlayo kwandisa kakhulu impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo yobisi. Uma usebenzisa i-ultrafiltration ukuze ugxilise amaprotheni e-whey, i-lactose nomlotha nakho kungasuswa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Emkhiqizweni wesiphuzo esidakayo, ubuchwepheshe be-ultrafiltration bungasusa imvubelo esele, amabhaktheriya, nezinto ze-colloidal eziphuzweni ezidakayo, kuthuthukise ukucaca, ukunweba impilo yeshalofu, futhi kunikeze ubhiya obungaxutshiwe ukunambitheka okuvuthiwe kuyilapho ufinyeza isikhathi sokuguga. Ngemuva kokuhlunga kakhulu, ukunambitheka kukabhiya kuyathuthukiswa, kube crisp futhi kunambitheke kodwa kuthobeke futhi kuqhubeke. Le ndlela iphinde igweme ukuna kwezingxenye ze-turbidity ezibangelwa kalula ukuvalwa kokushisa, okwenza imishini yokuhlunga ibe lula. Iziphuzo ezidakayo ezicutshungulwayo zihlanganisa iwayini, i-whisky, i-shochu, i-sake, newayini lerayisi.
Yize ubhiya obusalungiswa bunambitheka kangcono kunobhiya obufakwe emanzini abandayo, awukwazi ukugcinwa isikhathi eside, okwenza kube nezinselelo zokuthutha nokudayiswa. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-ultrafiltration ukuze kuhlungwe kahle ubhiya kanye ne-aseptic kuvumela ubhiya ongasalungiswa ukuthi ugcinwe isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuvalwa{1}} kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Embonini yomkhiqizo wesoya, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kobuchwepheshe be-membrane ukuhlukaniswa nokubuyiselwa kwamaprotheni. I-soy whey ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kobisi lwesoya ngokuvamile ikhiqiza amaprotheni angu-60%. I-Ultrafiltration, ngokugxilisa amaprotheni asele, ingakhuphula isivuno se-tofu ngo-20-30%. I-Ultrafiltration iphinde isuse{6}izinto ezinesisindo esiphansi ezifaka isandla ephunga lebhontshisi futhi zithinte ukuqina kobisi lwesoya ngenkathi igxilisa amaprotheni, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ikhwalithi yobisi lwesoya.
Ukwelashwa kwe-whey embonini yomkhiqizo wesoya kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukungcoliswa kwamanzi. I-Soy whey iqukethe amaprotheni{{1}esindo{2}}esisindo esiphansi ahlukahlukene, ama-polysaccharides, ama-peptides, nama-oligosaccharides. I-Ultrafiltration ingalulama futhi igxilise amaprotheni e-soy kusuka ku-soy whey ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabantu nemfuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, -imikhiqizo ye-amylase ingatholakala.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Membrane bungasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola izithako ezisebenzayo zokudla okusebenzayo njenge-soy isoflavones, i-soy oligosaccharides, i-soy protein isolate, i-oligopeptides, i-immunoglobulins, ne-bamboo leaf flavonoids.
Embonini yezimonyo, ngaphezu kuka-80% we-BOD emanzini angcolile akhishwa ezimbonini zososo asuka kujusi yokupheka kabhontshisi wesoya. Ijusi yokupheka kabhontshisi wesoya icutshungulwa ngezigaba kusetshenziswa i-ultrafiltration. I-permeate ingabuyekezwa njengamanzi okukhiqiza, futhi i-concentrate ingasetshenziswa njengempahla eluhlaza yokukhiqiza.